Not graded

Literature under review

“We hold 21 verified studies” is true, and on its own it undersells how much has been published. The rest of the shelf is here: 57 cannabinoid studies we know about, every one still ungraded.

Read this before the list. Every study here is still waiting for review and grading, which leaves it off the evidence ladder and out of every claim CBG Atlas publishes. A listing is simply a record that we know the study exists and have yet to assess it. It is not an endorsement, a verification or a verdict on a study’s soundness. The graded registry, with 21 studies, is the one part of the site that grades anything.

Design is not quality. The groupings follow PubMed’s publication types, and “Human trial” means only that a study was run as a trial. What it found, how large it was and whether the finding survives scrutiny are separate questions. A tier describes a study and a grade describes a claim, and this list carries tiers alone. Findings stay out as well, because a finding without a grade is exactly the unhedged claim our guardrails forbid.

Human trials (24)

PubMed classifies these as clinical trials or randomised controlled trials, a label for the design: who was studied, and how. What the trial found, and whether the result holds up, is a separate matter.

2026

Assessing the Efficacy of Cannabinoid Compositions for Treating 3 Classes of Chronic Pain: A Real-World Evidence Study

Kruger et al. · Clin Ther · PMID 42140793

Not graded. surfaced by the 2026-08-31 completeness audit.

DOI →
2026

Cannabinol for Acute Treatment of Insomnia Disorder in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial

Lavender et al. · J Sleep Res · PMID 41698831 · CBN

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn; cited in prose on /safety; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2026

Safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of oral cannabigerol in healthy adults

Wolinsky et al. · J Pharmacol Exp Ther · PMID 42575778 · CBG

Not graded. cited in prose on /safety; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2025

Effect of Cannabigerol on Sleep and Quality of Life in Veterans: A Decentralized, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Emerson et al. · Med Cannabis Cannabinoids · PMID 41574318 · CBG

Not graded. quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2025

Daily Use of a Broad-Spectrum Cannabidiol Supplement Produces Detectable Concentrations of Cannabinoids in Urine Prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency: An Effect Amplified by Exercise

Gillham et al. · Med Sci Sports Exerc · PMID 40920736 · CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /atlas; cited in prose on /cbdv; cited in prose on /consumer-products; cited in prose on /monograph; cited in prose on /safety.

DOI →
2024

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Effectiveness and Safety of Melatonin and Three Formulations of Floraworks Proprietary TruCBN™ for Improving Sleep

Kolobaric et al. · Pharmaceuticals (Basel) · PMID 39204082

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2024

Impact of Dietary Fat and Oral Delivery System on Cannabigerol Pharmacokinetics in Adults

Story et al. · Cannabis Cannabinoid Res · PMID 38574248 · CBG

Not graded. cited in prose on /safety.

DOI →
2023

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the safety and effects of CBN with and without CBD on sleep quality

Bonn-Miller et al. · Exp Clin Psychopharmacol · PMID 37796540 · CBN, CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn; cited in prose on /safety; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2023

A Two-Phase, Dose-Ranging, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Safety and Preliminary Test of Acute Effects of Oral Δ-Tetrahydrocannabivarin in Healthy Participants

Peters et al. · Cannabis Cannabinoid Res · PMID 37721990 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2023

The Safety and Comparative Effectiveness of Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoid Formulations for the Improvement of Sleep: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial

Saleska et al. · J Am Nutr Assoc · PMID 37162192

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2022

Efficacy and safety of cannabidivarin treatment of epilepsy in girls with Rett syndrome: A phase 1 clinical trial

Hurley et al. · Epilepsia · PMID 35364618 · CBDV

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv; cited in prose on /safety; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2021

A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidivarin as Add-on Therapy in Participants with Inadequately Controlled Focal Seizures

Brodie et al. · Cannabis Cannabinoid Res · PMID 33998885 · CBDV

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv; cited in prose on /safety; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2021

Orally administered cannabidiol does not produce false-positive tests for Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol on the Securetec DrugWipe® 5S or Dräger DrugTest® 5000

McCartney et al. · Drug Test Anal · PMID 34412166 · CBN, CBD, THC

Not graded. surfaced by the 2026-08-31 completeness audit.

DOI →
2021

Modulation of striatal functional connectivity differences in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder in a single-dose randomized trial of cannabidivarin

Pretzsch et al. · Mol Autism · PMID 34210360 · CBDV

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv.

DOI →
2021

Treating insomnia symptoms with medicinal cannabis: a randomized, crossover trial of the efficacy of a cannabinoid medicine compared with placebo

Walsh et al. · Sleep · PMID 34115851

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn.

DOI →
2020

Cannabidivarin for HIV-Associated Neuropathic Pain: A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Clinical Trial

Eibach et al. · Clin Pharmacol Ther · PMID 32770831 · CBDV

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2019

Chemotherapy-induced cachexia dysregulates hypothalamic and systemic lipoamines and is attenuated by cannabigerol

Brierley et al. · J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · PMID 31035309 · CBG

Not graded. surfaced by the 2026-08-31 completeness audit.

DOI →
2019

Effects of cannabidivarin (CBDV) on brain excitation and inhibition systems in adults with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): a single dose trial during magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Pretzsch et al. · Transl Psychiatry · PMID 31748505 · CBDV

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv.

DOI →
2017

Cannabis Edibles: Blood and Oral Fluid Cannabinoid Pharmacokinetics and Evaluation of Oral Fluid Screening Devices for Predicting Δ-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Blood and Oral Fluid following Cannabis Brownie Administration

Newmeyer et al. · Clin Chem · PMID 28188235 · CBN, THC

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv; surfaced by the 2026-08-31 completeness audit.

DOI →
2016

Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Glycemic and Lipid Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Pilot Study

Jadoon et al. · Diabetes Care · PMID 27573936 · THCV, CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2016

Free and Glucuronide Whole Blood Cannabinoids' Pharmacokinetics after Controlled Smoked, Vaporized, and Oral Cannabis Administration in Frequent and Occasional Cannabis Users: Identification of Recent Cannabis Intake

Newmeyer et al. · Clin Chem · PMID 27899456

Not graded. surfaced by the 2026-08-31 completeness audit.

DOI →
2015

The effect of five day dosing with THCV on THC-induced cognitive, psychological and physiological effects in healthy male human volunteers: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot trial

Englund et al. · J Psychopharmacol · PMID 26577065 · THCV, THC

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2015

The CB1 Neutral Antagonist Tetrahydrocannabivarin Reduces Default Mode Network and Increases Executive Control Network Resting State Functional Connectivity in Healthy Volunteers

Rzepa et al. · Int J Neuropsychopharmacol · PMID 26362774 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2014

Neural effects of cannabinoid CB1 neutral antagonist tetrahydrocannabivarin on food reward and aversion in healthy volunteers

Tudge et al. · Int J Neuropsychopharmacol · PMID 25542687 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →

Other human studies (7)

Studies in people that fall outside PubMed's trial categories: pharmacokinetics, detection and analytical work, and observational studies.

2026

Metabolite patterns in human urine after oral administration of highly purified Δ8-THCV

Sempio et al. · Forensic Toxicol · PMID 42250012 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2023

An assessment of qualitative and quantitative cannabinoids analysis in selected commercially available cannabis oils in Argentina

Fernández et al. · Forensic Sci Int · PMID 37392612

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn; cited in prose on /safety.

DOI →
2023

CBGA ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis in nephropathy

Suzuki et al. · Sci Rep · PMID 37072467 · CBGA

Not graded. quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2022

In Vitro and Clinical Evaluation of Cannabigerol (CBG) Produced via Yeast Biosynthesis: A Cannabinoid with a Broad Range of Anti-Inflammatory and Skin Health-Boosting Properties

Perez et al. · Molecules · PMID 35056807 · CBG

Not graded. quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2013

Cannabidiol is a potent inhibitor of the catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 2C19

Jiang et al. · Drug Metab Pharmacokinet · PMID 23318708 · CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv; cited in prose on /safety.

DOI →
2013

Structural requirements for potent direct inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1A1 by cannabidiol: role of pentylresorcinol moiety

Yamaori et al. · Biol Pharm Bull · PMID 23811569 · CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv; cited in prose on /safety.

DOI →
2007

Cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinols and cannabinol by human hepatic microsomes

Watanabe et al. · Life Sci · PMID 17303175 · CBN, THC

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn.

DOI →

Animal studies (21)

Studies in animals. An animal result can suggest where to look; it does not show an effect in a person.

2026

Cannabigerol Enhances Muscle Strength and Performance in Dexamethasone-Treated Mice

Fabro et al. · ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci · not yet in PubMed · CBG

Not graded. cited in prose on /monograph; newly published, awaiting PubMed indexing. Published 30 September 2026; PubMed had not indexed it on 12 October 2026, so it was checked against its DOI registration instead. It can be graded once PubMed lists it.

DOI →
2025

Preclinical Evidence for a Drug-Drug Interaction Between Cannabinol and Melatonin

Anderson et al. · Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol · PMID 39722474 · CBN

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn; cited in prose on /safety; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2024

A sleepy cannabis constituent: cannabinol and its active metabolite influence sleep architecture in rats

Arnold et al. · Neuropsychopharmacology · PMID 39528623 · CBN

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn.

DOI →
2023

Safety assessment and redox status in rats after chronic exposure to cannabidiol and cannabigerol

Polanska et al. · Toxicology · PMID 36796712 · CBG, CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /safety.

DOI →
2023

Cannabigerolic Acid (CBGA) Inhibits the TRPM7 Ion Channel Through its Kinase Domain

Suzuki et al. · Function (Oxf) · PMID 38162115 · CBGA

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbga; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2022

Efficient Synthesis for Altering Side Chain Length on Cannabinoid Molecules and Their Effects in Chemotherapy and Chemotherapeutic Induced Neuropathic Pain

Raup-Konsavage et al. · Biomolecules · PMID 36551296

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbgv; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2021

Cannabigerolic acid, a major biosynthetic precursor molecule in cannabis, exhibits divergent effects on seizures in mouse models of epilepsy

Anderson et al. · Br J Pharmacol · PMID 34384142 · CBGA

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbga; cited in prose on /cbgv; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2021

Cannabinol modulates neuroprotection and intraocular pressure: A potential multi-target therapeutic intervention for glaucoma

Somvanshi et al. · Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis · PMID 34921975 · CBN

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn.

DOI →
2020

Beneficial effects of the phytocannabinoid Δ-THCV in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease

Espadas et al. · Neurobiol Dis · PMID 32387338 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2020

Pharmacological data of cannabidiol- and cannabigerol-type phytocannabinoids acting on cannabinoid CB, CBand CB/CBheteromer receptors

Navarro et al. · Pharmacol Res · PMID 32470563 · CBG, CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbgv.

DOI →
2019

Pharmacokinetics of Phytocannabinoid Acids and Anticonvulsant Effect of Cannabidiolic Acid in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome

Anderson et al. · J Nat Prod · PMID 31686510

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbgv.

DOI →
2014

Nonpsychotropic plant cannabinoids, cannabidivarin (CBDV) and cannabidiol (CBD), activate and desensitize transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels in vitro: potential for the treatment of neuronal hyperexcitability

Iannotti et al. · ACS Chem Neurosci · PMID 25029033 · CBDV, CBD

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbdv.

DOI →
2013

The cannabinoid TRPA1 agonist cannabichromene inhibits nitric oxide production in macrophages and ameliorates murine colitis

Romano et al. · Br J Pharmacol · PMID 23373571 · CBC

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbc.

DOI →
2013

The effect of cannabichromene on adult neural stem/progenitor cells

Shinjyo et al. · Neurochem Int · PMID 23941747 · CBC

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbc.

DOI →
2013

The cannabinoid Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) ameliorates insulin sensitivity in two mouse models of obesity

Wargent et al. · Nutr Diabetes · PMID 23712280 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2011

Cannabinoid actions at TRPV channels: effects on TRPV3 and TRPV4 and their potential relevance to gastrointestinal inflammation

De Petrocellis et al. · Acta Physiol (Oxf) · PMID 21726418

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbc; cited in prose on /cbdv; cited in prose on /cbgv.

DOI →
2011

Symptom-relieving and neuroprotective effects of the phytocannabinoid Δ⁹-THCV in animal models of Parkinson's disease

García et al. · Br J Pharmacol · PMID 21323909 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2010

Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabivarin suppresses in vitro epileptiform and in vivo seizure activity in adult rats

Hill et al. · Epilepsia · PMID 20196794 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2007

The psychoactive plant cannabinoid, Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, is antagonized by Delta8- and Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin in mice in vivo

Pertwee et al. · Br J Pharmacol · PMID 17245367 · THCV, CBN, THC

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2005

Evidence that the plant cannabinoid Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin is a cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonist

Thomas et al. · Br J Pharmacol · PMID 16205722 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
1984

Intraocular pressure, ocular toxicity and neurotoxicity after administration of cannabinol or cannabigerol

Colasanti et al. · Exp Eye Res · PMID 6499952 · CBG, CBN

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn.

DOI →

Laboratory studies (2)

Work on cells, tissue, enzymes or chemistry. A laboratory interaction shows a mechanism; it does not show an effect in a body.

2024

Pharmacokinetics of Oral Cannabinoid Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabivarin and Its Main Metabolites in Healthy Participants

Sempio et al. · Pharmaceuticals (Basel) · PMID 39770444 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2022

Risk of unintentional antidoping rule violations by consumption of hemp products

Mareck et al. · Drug Test Anal · PMID 35633098

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbga; cited in prose on /safety.

DOI →

Reviews (3)

Summaries of other researchers' primary work. The primary evidence lives in the papers a review cites.

2025

The role of tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) in metabolic disorders: A promising cannabinoid for diabetes and weight management

Mendoza et al. · AIMS Neurosci · PMID 40270953 · THCV

Not graded. cited in prose on /thcv.

DOI →
2021

Cannabinol and Sleep: Separating Fact from Fiction

Corroon et al. · Cannabis Cannabinoid Res · PMID 34468204 · CBN

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn; cited in prose on /safety; quarantined passage — blocked pending ingest.

DOI →
2017

Molecular Pharmacology of Phytocannabinoids

Turner et al. · Prog Chem Org Nat Prod · PMID 28120231

Not graded. cited in prose on /cbn.

DOI →

How a study moves to the registry

The road out runs one way. First a study is verified against its primary source; then it is graded on the six-rung ladder and added to the registry, where it appears with a rung and this list loses a row. The same road applies whether a study is interesting, recent or convenient.

56 records were verified against PubMed on 2026-08-31, and every one resolved to a live record with a DOI. One study published too recently for PubMed to list was verified against its DOI registration on 12 October 2026. Titles, authors, journals and years are copied from those records, not summarised. Registry snapshot: 2026-08-09. Nothing here is medical advice, and no statement on this page is a claim that any cannabinoid treats, cures, or prevents any condition. Report a safety event. Peregrine Biopharma funds the platform and holds no editorial authority.