How we know

How we grade the evidence.

CBG is one of the most heavily marketed cannabinoids and one of the least studied, so the distance between what a label says and what a paper shows can be wide. A grade measures the strength of the evidence behind a claim. Every claim on the site carries one, and where the research runs out the claim reads catalogue in progress and the gap stays open.

The ladder

What do the six evidence grades mean?

Six rungs run from the settled to the tested-and-failed. Where a claim sits depends on the strength of the evidence behind it, however promising the result sounds.

Permitted wording
RungWording a claim may useOne claim at this rung
grade: Establishedis shown toThe plant builds the other cannabinoid acids from CBGA.
grade: Demonstratedhas been shown toCBG's receptor interactions, as measured in binding and functional assays.
grade: Emergingmay · early evidence suggestsno CBG claim in our registry currently sits at Emerging; the rung is for a first human signal or agreeing animal work from independent groups.
grade: Lowlimited evidence · unclearCBG for anxiety and stress
grade: Hypothesizedproposed mechanismCBG and blood pressure
grade: Not supportedevidence does not supportCBG for sleep
Figure F · how we grade
The six-rung evidence ladder
Each rung carries its plain-language definition and, where our registry holds a claim at that rung, the same linked example the permitted-wording table shows. A rung with no claim in the registry says so.STRONGERWEAKER · UNPROVENEstablishedSettled science — replicated human data, or biochemistry that is not in dispute.The plant builds the other cannabinoid acids from CBGA. →DemonstratedShown reproducibly in controlled experiments — typically laboratory (in-vitro) work.CBG's receptor interactions, as measured in binding and functional assays. →EmergingAn early signal — preclinical (animal) work, or human evidence too limited to settle the question.No claim sits here.LowLimited and low-confidence — sparse, indirect, or single-source data.CBG for anxiety and stress →HypothesizedProposed and plausible — but not yet shown.CBG and blood pressure →Not-supportedTested, and the evidence does NOT support it. This is a finding against the claim — not an absence of evidence.CBG for sleep →
Every claim on the platform wears one of these six grades, and it can only go up a rung when the evidence does. The example under each rung is the same one the table above links, drawn from the registry. Where no claim sits at a rung, the figure says so rather than borrowing one.
Outside the ladder

Two states that are not grades.

The ladder has an edge, and two kinds of entry sit just past it. One is true but silent about people; the other is a blank. Each gets its own label, because forcing either onto a rung would misrepresent it.

Validated in vitro: mechanism only

A receptor interaction measured in a dish is a real, reproducible finding. It shows how a molecule behaves at a target, and is not evidence that anything happens in a person, so we label it mechanism and stop there.

No primary evidence: catalogue in progress

Our registry is empty on the question, in both directions, which puts the claim somewhere quite different from Not-supported: “Not-supported” means the evidence weighs against a claim; “no primary evidence” means we have none. Mix them up and you invent a negative finding. A compound with a thin catalogue gets a short page, and its gaps stay gaps instead of borrowing data from a better-studied cousin.

Figure G · human vs. preclinical
Where CBG’s evidence actually sits
The base — preclinical in-vitro and animal studies — holds most of CBG's evidence. Above it, observational human evidence is roughly none. Human RCTs contain a single small acute trial, Cuttler 2024. The apex — systematic reviews and meta-analyses of human trials — is empty for CBG. Most CBG evidence is preclinical.Higher quality ↑More studies ↓Meta-analysesHuman RCTsObservationalPreclinicalin vitro & animalSystematic reviews / meta-analysesnone yet for CBGHuman RCTsone small acute trial (Cuttler 2024)Observational human≈ nonePreclinical — in vitro & animalmost CBG evidenceCascio · De Petrocellis · Borrelli · Farha · Valdeolivas…Most CBG evidence is preclinical , which is why every claim here is graded and hedged.
A mouse or a cell line is a lead, not a conclusion. CBG’s base is full and its apex is empty — so we present it that way, rather than promoting a preclinical result into a human promise. Cuttler 2024 · 10.1038/s41598-024-66879-0 · Zhou 2022 · PMID 34182770
Where a grade comes from

How a claim earns its grade, and keeps it.

A grade is only as good as the machinery behind it. Each one follows written rules and is tied to a dated snapshot of the evidence that anyone can check.

  • A gated publish. Every registry gate has to pass before anything ships, and a single red gate blocks the publish outright. One of them, a concordance gate, rejects any authored grade set above the ceiling its evidence supports.
  • Hash-chained provenance. The evidence set carries a version fingerprint (a SHA-256 hash of the whole set) and an append-only audit chain. What you read traces to an exact, tamper-evident snapshot rather than to “our latest draft”.
  • Bound citations. Every graded claim links to a real study in the registry, so every citation points at a paper that exists. Where the registry lacks a qualifying study, the claim is marked catalogue in progress instead of guessed at.
  • Only up on evidence. Evidence is the only thing that lifts a grade. A retraction, or a contradicting study of equal or stronger standing, can lower it automatically.
Independence & limits

Where our claims stop.

Third-party claims, reported

Statements about effects, benefits, or uses reflect claims made by third parties — manufacturers, media, traditional use, or preliminary research. CBG Atlas does not make, adopt, endorse, or affirm them, and does not present them as fact. Nothing here is medical advice, and nothing here is intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Binding constants and other researcher-level detail stay off consumer pages. Report a safety event.

Funding. Peregrine Biopharma funds the platform and holds no editorial authority. Grades, citations and the gates that enforce them all sit beyond the funder’s review.

Grades are half the story. The Research Library holds the evidence itself, and the Gap-Map shows where it runs out.